Self He1p Group (SHG) Movement in Meghalaya: A Potentia1 Option to Improve Income and Livelihood Security of Farm Households

Abstract

A study was conducted to trace the progress of Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the state of Meghalaya. It reveals an increase in number of SHGs from two in the year 1995 to as high as 9108 in 2010, most of which are female SHGs. Government departments and NGOs are the major SHG promoters in Meghalaya. Although promotion of savings and credit was found to be the major reason for formation of SHGs as about 95 per cent of the members were under the poverty line; however, it has been transformed to an instrument of empowerment and income generating activities resulting into the improved income and livelihood security of rural households in Meghalaya. The major income generating activity was found to be rearing farm animals and was taken up by 25 per cent of the members. The other income generating activities of SHGs are horticulture-based which is being taken up by 16 per cent of the SHG members followed by agriculture-based activity which is being taken up by 14 per cent. The major problem faced by SHG members related to functioning of SHG was lack of adequate funds followed by lack of knowledge that requires the intervention of e[tension functionaries in the state.